女性隐性就业歧视调查研究
目录
一、引言 1
（一）研究背景与问题 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
（三）研究目标和内容 2
（四）研究思路和方法 3
二、基本概念及相关理论 4
（一）就业歧视界定 4
（二） 隐性就业性别歧视的界定 5
（三）本论文的相关理论 5
三、我国女性就业及隐性就业性别歧视现状 6
（一）我国女性就业现状 6
（二）我国女性隐性就业性别歧视现状 7
四、女性隐性就业性别歧视发生的原因 10
（一）经济因素 10
（二）历史文化因素 11
五、对策建议与研究结论 12
（一）对策建议 12
（二）研究结论 12
参考文献 14
致谢信 15
Abstract
Employment is the basis of peoples livelihood, with the upgrading of industrial structure, the rise of the sense of equal rights, women have created many achievements. However, due to the physiological characteristics, marriage and family, gender division of labor, women remain unequal to men in terms of job seeking, promotion, and expectation of benefits. Based on the analysis of the current research status at home and abroad, this paper points out that gender discrimination in employment can be divided into explicit discrimination and implicit discrim
*好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: 3 5 1 9 1 6 0 7 2
Based on the analysis of the current research status at home and abroad, this paper points out that gender discrimination in employment can be divided into explicit discrimination and implicit discrimination, and the main form of implicit discrimination is gender discrimination. This paper makes implicit discrimination as a starting point and I use the method of literature analysis, comparative study and unstructured interview to study the main performance of the womens recessive discrimination: discrimination in employment opportunities, discrimination in the employment process, employment, withdrawal, discrimination. Through the investigation, I found that this discrimination is caused by the following reasons: economy, society, culture and women themselves. At the same time, I put forward three proposals from the following three aspects: government, enterprise and women themselves. Fair employment environment is not only related to the protection of womens rights and interests, but also to the familys happiness and stability, but also to a certain extent, affect the development of social economy, so it should be paid attention to.
Keywords: female employment; employment discrimination; gender discrimination
一、引言
（一）研究背景与问题
二战后，女权主义兴起，女性从被压迫、被歧视中解放出来，并且开始进入劳动力市场，不仅实现了自身价值，也为世界经济复苏创造了巨大的贡献。
2016年中国女性就业率为73%，是世界上女性就业率最高的国家之一。如果说，100年前女性被排斥在劳动力市场之外，是由于受到体力和精力的限制，然而随着经济的发展，产业结构的转型，脑力劳动逐渐代替体力劳动，体力差别已经不具有意义。在当前，虽然大多数人认同女性与男性在工作能力上相差无几，甚至可以胜任更具有挑战性的工作。然而实际上，受到生理因素、社会文化、传统性别分工认知的影响，女性在就业市场中仍处于劣势。并且很多用人单位迫于法律规定和社会舆论，为女性设置了许多“隐性门槛”，使得女性面临比男性更多的挑战。
从实际情况来看，我们已经很难从企业发布的招聘简章中看到“只限男性”之类的字眼，这就使得很多人认为目前我国已经完全消除了就业性别歧视。然而现实情况是这样的吗？近些年来，女性在经济、政治、文化领域享有前所未有的平等，政府出台了相当多的政策和法规保护女性就业权益。正是基于法律风险的考虑，多数企业不会明目张胆的歧视女性，然而仍有很多企业认为受制于家庭、婚姻、生育，同等情况下女性的劳动力成本高于男性，因此在招聘、录用、晋升、薪酬给付等环节限制女性。这些限制都严重影响了女性对自身发展的自信心，损害了女性的切身权益，不利于家庭稳定，更不利于经济运行的质量与效率，因此
一、引言 1
（一）研究背景与问题 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
（三）研究目标和内容 2
（四）研究思路和方法 3
二、基本概念及相关理论 4
（一）就业歧视界定 4
（二） 隐性就业性别歧视的界定 5
（三）本论文的相关理论 5
三、我国女性就业及隐性就业性别歧视现状 6
（一）我国女性就业现状 6
（二）我国女性隐性就业性别歧视现状 7
四、女性隐性就业性别歧视发生的原因 10
（一）经济因素 10
（二）历史文化因素 11
五、对策建议与研究结论 12
（一）对策建议 12
（二）研究结论 12
参考文献 14
致谢信 15
Abstract
Employment is the basis of peoples livelihood, with the upgrading of industrial structure, the rise of the sense of equal rights, women have created many achievements. However, due to the physiological characteristics, marriage and family, gender division of labor, women remain unequal to men in terms of job seeking, promotion, and expectation of benefits. Based on the analysis of the current research status at home and abroad, this paper points out that gender discrimination in employment can be divided into explicit discrimination and implicit discrim
*好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: 3 5 1 9 1 6 0 7 2
Based on the analysis of the current research status at home and abroad, this paper points out that gender discrimination in employment can be divided into explicit discrimination and implicit discrimination, and the main form of implicit discrimination is gender discrimination. This paper makes implicit discrimination as a starting point and I use the method of literature analysis, comparative study and unstructured interview to study the main performance of the womens recessive discrimination: discrimination in employment opportunities, discrimination in the employment process, employment, withdrawal, discrimination. Through the investigation, I found that this discrimination is caused by the following reasons: economy, society, culture and women themselves. At the same time, I put forward three proposals from the following three aspects: government, enterprise and women themselves. Fair employment environment is not only related to the protection of womens rights and interests, but also to the familys happiness and stability, but also to a certain extent, affect the development of social economy, so it should be paid attention to.
Keywords: female employment; employment discrimination; gender discrimination
一、引言
（一）研究背景与问题
二战后，女权主义兴起，女性从被压迫、被歧视中解放出来，并且开始进入劳动力市场，不仅实现了自身价值，也为世界经济复苏创造了巨大的贡献。
2016年中国女性就业率为73%，是世界上女性就业率最高的国家之一。如果说，100年前女性被排斥在劳动力市场之外，是由于受到体力和精力的限制，然而随着经济的发展，产业结构的转型，脑力劳动逐渐代替体力劳动，体力差别已经不具有意义。在当前，虽然大多数人认同女性与男性在工作能力上相差无几，甚至可以胜任更具有挑战性的工作。然而实际上，受到生理因素、社会文化、传统性别分工认知的影响，女性在就业市场中仍处于劣势。并且很多用人单位迫于法律规定和社会舆论，为女性设置了许多“隐性门槛”，使得女性面临比男性更多的挑战。
从实际情况来看，我们已经很难从企业发布的招聘简章中看到“只限男性”之类的字眼，这就使得很多人认为目前我国已经完全消除了就业性别歧视。然而现实情况是这样的吗？近些年来，女性在经济、政治、文化领域享有前所未有的平等，政府出台了相当多的政策和法规保护女性就业权益。正是基于法律风险的考虑，多数企业不会明目张胆的歧视女性，然而仍有很多企业认为受制于家庭、婚姻、生育，同等情况下女性的劳动力成本高于男性，因此在招聘、录用、晋升、薪酬给付等环节限制女性。这些限制都严重影响了女性对自身发展的自信心，损害了女性的切身权益，不利于家庭稳定，更不利于经济运行的质量与效率，因此
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