新常态下贸易结构优化问题研究
目录
学院 - 2 -
学生毕业论文（设计）诚信承诺书 - 2 -
ABSTRACT
Under the correct leadership of the party and the government, since the reform and opening up, China has experienced three decades of rapid development, the economy into the new normal development stage, which is a very serious strategic judgment.In this context, this is of great significance to Chinas trade structure.Based on the background of the new economic norm, international trade as a powerful economic force, its structure will face reform, adjustment, improvement, optimization and a series of challenges, but also face the new economic situation opportunities.Only by embracing the economic situation of other countries, understanding the framework of other countries trade structure, increasing the innovation of science and technology, upgrading various industrial structures, perfecting the market system, introducing more policies and regulat
*好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: ￥351916072￥
rk of other countries trade structure, increasing the innovation of science and technology, upgrading various industrial structures, perfecting the market system, introducing more policies and regulations that are conducive to the optimization of Chinas trade structure and so on. Challenge, remove the institutional and institutional barriers to the optimization of the trade structure, and ultimately optimize the upgrading of trade structure in order to cope with all the inevitable challenges, seize the opportunity in the new historical environment, the new economic conditions, Under the policy system for economic growth, so that the international trade of this important economic system to contribute to the form of employment for Chinas economic development to contribute to accelerate our country by the trade power into a trade power.
Keywords：New economic state Trade structure Optimize the upgrade
一、前言
（一）贸易结构优化的概述
1.概念
贸易结构（Composition of Trade）是指一定时期内贸易的构成情况。广义的贸易结构主要是指一定时内贸易中货物贸易和服务贸易的构成前情况，一般称为贸易结构。
2.新常态下贸易结构优化的提出背景
（1）经济发展态势的要求
中国进入经济新常态的另一层意思是我国经济已经不再是大约10%的高速发展，二是进入大约7%中高速发展，同时经济形势会更稳定。经济增长会转变成高质量的更有效率的集约增长模式，而不是过去粗放的速度的增长模式。此经济背景下，我国的贸易发展条件和环境都会发生重大变化，消费需求也向更多样化个性化发展，同时将逐渐抛弃模仿性消费；投资需求也会转向新兴的科技产业，而不是传统的产业。由此，在这样一个大形势下，多个经济运行机制必将会受到影响，而贸易结构只有进行相应优化升级，才能在新常态下应对挑战，抓住机遇。
外部环境变化的要求
21世纪，经济全球化，全球市场空间的扩张速度远远低于之前，总需求也打不如前，使我国的出口形势不容乐观，我国劳动力优势逐渐被东南亚国家占领。贸易产品成本提升。由此必须优化贸易结构，使贸易构成比例趋于合理。
产能过剩
伴随着国内需求需要被拉动，经济发展有所减缓，我国出现大面积产能过剩，最明显的存在于工业生产领域。据国家统计局显示，2016年一季度工业企业产能利用率仅仅为78.3%，和上一年同期相比下落1.5个百分点，和上一年四季度相比下落了1.8个百分点。建筑材料、铁路等运输行业以及煤
学院 - 2 -
学生毕业论文（设计）诚信承诺书 - 2 -
ABSTRACT
Under the correct leadership of the party and the government, since the reform and opening up, China has experienced three decades of rapid development, the economy into the new normal development stage, which is a very serious strategic judgment.In this context, this is of great significance to Chinas trade structure.Based on the background of the new economic norm, international trade as a powerful economic force, its structure will face reform, adjustment, improvement, optimization and a series of challenges, but also face the new economic situation opportunities.Only by embracing the economic situation of other countries, understanding the framework of other countries trade structure, increasing the innovation of science and technology, upgrading various industrial structures, perfecting the market system, introducing more policies and regulat
*好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: ￥351916072￥
rk of other countries trade structure, increasing the innovation of science and technology, upgrading various industrial structures, perfecting the market system, introducing more policies and regulations that are conducive to the optimization of Chinas trade structure and so on. Challenge, remove the institutional and institutional barriers to the optimization of the trade structure, and ultimately optimize the upgrading of trade structure in order to cope with all the inevitable challenges, seize the opportunity in the new historical environment, the new economic conditions, Under the policy system for economic growth, so that the international trade of this important economic system to contribute to the form of employment for Chinas economic development to contribute to accelerate our country by the trade power into a trade power.
Keywords：New economic state Trade structure Optimize the upgrade
一、前言
（一）贸易结构优化的概述
1.概念
贸易结构（Composition of Trade）是指一定时期内贸易的构成情况。广义的贸易结构主要是指一定时内贸易中货物贸易和服务贸易的构成前情况，一般称为贸易结构。
2.新常态下贸易结构优化的提出背景
（1）经济发展态势的要求
中国进入经济新常态的另一层意思是我国经济已经不再是大约10%的高速发展，二是进入大约7%中高速发展，同时经济形势会更稳定。经济增长会转变成高质量的更有效率的集约增长模式，而不是过去粗放的速度的增长模式。此经济背景下，我国的贸易发展条件和环境都会发生重大变化，消费需求也向更多样化个性化发展，同时将逐渐抛弃模仿性消费；投资需求也会转向新兴的科技产业，而不是传统的产业。由此，在这样一个大形势下，多个经济运行机制必将会受到影响，而贸易结构只有进行相应优化升级，才能在新常态下应对挑战，抓住机遇。
外部环境变化的要求
21世纪，经济全球化，全球市场空间的扩张速度远远低于之前，总需求也打不如前，使我国的出口形势不容乐观，我国劳动力优势逐渐被东南亚国家占领。贸易产品成本提升。由此必须优化贸易结构，使贸易构成比例趋于合理。
产能过剩
伴随着国内需求需要被拉动，经济发展有所减缓，我国出现大面积产能过剩，最明显的存在于工业生产领域。据国家统计局显示，2016年一季度工业企业产能利用率仅仅为78.3%，和上一年同期相比下落1.5个百分点，和上一年四季度相比下落了1.8个百分点。建筑材料、铁路等运输行业以及煤
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