太极拳对脊柱康复的生物力学机制研究
点击此处>>查看其余5篇临床医学硕士范文第四篇临床医学硕士论文标题：太极拳对脊柱康复的生物力学机制研究本篇文章目录导航：[]太极拳对脊柱康复的生物力学机制研究[第一章]太极拳运动的生物力学研究现状[2.1]太极拳运动者脊柱情况研究方 更多精彩就在： 51免费论文网|www.hbsrm.com
法[2.2]太极拳对脊柱及周围肌肉动力学参数影响分析[第三章]脊柱锻炼中太极拳的作用讨论[第四章-参考文献]太极拳对脊柱生物力学的作用研究结论与参考文献中文摘要太极拳运动中的脊柱生物力学研究研究目的:太极拳是一种集强身健体.颐养性情.内外兼修等多种功能于一体的传统健身运动,现己传播到150多个国家和地区,全球练习者超过3亿.在医疗领域,太极拳己被公认为一种有效的临床康复治疗及保健手段.研究表明,太极拳具有提高老年人本体感觉及平衡能力,锻炼下肢肌肉力量,改善心肺功能,预防帕金森症等康复效果.目前,国内外对太极拳康复及致损作用机制的研究主要是从生物力学角度探究太极拳运动中肢体骨骼与肌肉的力学特征,进而分析其临床意义.然而现有研究多针对足底.下肢关节及肌肉进行力学分析,缺乏对脊柱及周围肌肉的力学研究,且较少动态分析.因此,本研究重点关注太极拳运动的动态过程中脊柱骨性结构及椎旁肌肉的生物力学特点,分析太极拳运动对脊柱及周围结构锻炼康复或致损作用的具体力学机制,对探索太极拳运动的脊柱生物力学机制具有深远意义,为其他康复运动的生物力学研究提供新的思路.同时,研究结果有助于太极拳运动的改良优化,为制定规范的太极拳运动指南,提供个性化的太极拳康复动作,全面推广太极拳作为临床康复治疗手段打下基础.研究方法:本研究选取一名女性陈氏太极拳练习者,采集该受试者基本信息及人体惯性参数(年龄.体重.身高.脚长.大腿长.小腿长.躯千长.上臂长.前臂长.手长等),录入F-Scan足底压力分析系统及XsensMVNsystem全身惯性动作捕捉系统,建立运动采集模型.在校正运动模型后同步采集运动中的足底压力数据及捕获太极拳动作.在AnybodyModelingSystem中建立该受试者的肌肉骨骼模型,以标志点驱动方式对虚拟人进行驱动,输入与动作同步的足底压力数据.将整套太极拳动作分解为20个动素单元,以每秒S帧进行分解.使用计算机模拟和逆向动力学方程序计算太极拳运动中脊柱及周围肌肉的动力学参数进行分析研究,研究的参数包括:脊柱周围主要肌肉的激活度(MuscleActivity).脊柱关节力矩(JointMoments).脊柱关节间应力(JointReforce).研究结果:经逆向动力学方程序计算得出脊柱及周围肌肉的动力学参数.结果表明太极拳运动过程中脊柱周围肌肉的激活度在不同的动素单元内其变化呈现波动趋势,动素1,10,12.15,17,19,22中肌肉激活度明显升高,10对应的太极拳招式太极拳运动中竖脊肌.右蹬一脚动作中肌肉激活度曲线升高最显着.其中动另在整套半棘肌.胸多裂肌.腹横肌等受力均增加,而腰大肌.棘肌的受力与站立相比有所减弱.太极拳运动中脊柱在三个方向上关节力矩的变化趋势基本保持一致,不同关节间差异不明显.同时脊柱的前后弯曲力矩及左右弯曲力矩的升高明显,最高可增长约36倍.而左右旋转力矩则相对平稳,增长幅度较低.在关节应力方面,太极拳运动中脊柱关节在左右方向的应力几乎为0;在关节前后方向的应力变化呈现波动趋势,在动素10中达到唯一峰值;在关节垂直方向的应力变化明显,不同节段关节在多个动素中达到各自峰值.其中所有关节在动素10的应力峰值均为最高峰值,表明该动素对应的太极拳动作右蹬脚对脊柱关节的负荷最大.在关节角度方面,太极拳运动中脊柱关节角度变化无明显规律结论:1.太极拳运动过可通过增强竖脊肌.半棘肌.胸多裂肌.腹横肌等肌户的肌力,提升练习者的平衡控制力,增强脊柱的稳定性;2.太极拳运动中脊柑周围肌肉主要对完成前后动作及维持前后平衡起力学作用,关节应力的变化可反映太极拳具有伸展脊柱及锻炼脊柱附着韧带的作用;3.陈氏太极拳招式中臼右蹬脚金鸡独立朝天蹬等单脚动作作是太极拳锻炼脊柱骨骼及肌肉系统的主要动作.其中右蹬脚动作对肌肉强度要求高,对关节负荷较重,不规范或过度地完成时具有一定潜在致损风险.综合以上数据可总结:太极拳运动在能够锻炼脊柱骨骼及肌肉系统的同时具有动作幅度小.肌肉强度低.脊柱负荷轻的特点,适合作为康复保健运动于骨科慢性病患者或老年人间进行推广.关键字:太极拳.脊柱.生物力学.仿真AbstractObjective:TaiChiisakindoftraditionalfitnessexercisethatcombinesphysicalfitnessandsupportivetemperament.Ithasnowspreadtomorethan150countriesandregions,andhasmorethan300millionpractitionersallovertheworld.Inthemedicalandhealthfield,TaiChihasbeenrecognizedasaneffectiveclinicalrehabilitationandhealthcaremethod.StudieshaveshownthatTaiChihastheeffectofimprovingthebody'sproprioceptionandbalance,exercisinglowerlimbmusclestrength,improvingheartandlungfunction,andpreventingParkinson'sdisease.Atpresent,domesticandinternationalresearchonthemechanismofTaiChirehabilitationanddamageismainlyfromthebiomechanicalpointofviewtoexplorethemechanicalcharacteristicsofbodyandboneinTaiChiexercise,andthenanalyzeitsclinicalsignificance.However,existingstudiesmostlyfocusedonmechanicalanalysisoftheplantarandlowerlimbjointsandmuscles,lackofmechanicalstudiesonthespineandsurroundingmuscles,andtherearefewdynamicanalyses.Therefore,thisstudyfocusesonthespinebonystructureandthebiomechanicalcharacteristicsoftheparaspinalmusclesinthedynamicprocessofTaiChiexercise,andanalyzesthespecificmechanicalmechanismofTaiChiexerciseontherehabilitationanddamageofthespineandsurroundingstructures.ThisstudyhasprofoundimplicationsforexploringthespinalbiomechanicsofTaiChiexerciseandprovidesnewideasforbiomechanicalresearchofotherrehabilitationsports.Meanwhile,theresultsofthestudycontributetotheimprovementandoptimizationofTaiChiexercise,andprovideabasisforthedevelopmentofstandardizedTaiChiexerciseguidelines,providepersonalizedTaiChiexercise,andcomprehensivelypromoteTaiChiasaclinicalrehabilitationtreatmentMethods:ThisstudyselectedafemaleChenTaiChipractitionerandcollectedbasicinformationandbodyinertiaparameters(age,weight,height,lengthoflegs,lengthofthigh,lengthofleg,lengthoftrunk,lengthofupperarm,lengthofforearm,lengthofhand,etc.).ThesedatawereenteredintotheF-ScanplantarpressureanalysissystemandtheXsensMVNfullbodyinertialmotioncapturesystemtoestablishamotionacquisitionmodel.Aftercorrectingthemotionmodel,theplantarpressuredataandtheTaiChimovementswerecollectedduringtheexercise.ThemusculoskeletalmodelofthesubjectwasestablishedintheAnybodyModelingSystem,andthevirtualpersonwasdrivenbythemarkerpointdrivingmethod,andtheplantarpressuredatasynchronizedwiththemovementwasinput.DecomposesthewholesetofTaiChimovementsinto20movingelementsanddecomposesthemin5framespersecond.CalculateandanalyzethedynamicparametersofthespineandsurroundingmusclesinTaiChiexerciseusingcomputersimulationandinversedynamicsprogram.Theparametersstudiedincluded:MuscleActivityaroundthespine,JointMoments,JointReforce,andJointAngle.Results:Thekineticparametersofthespineandsurroundingmuscleswerecalculatedbytheinversekineticsprogram.TheresultsshowedthattheactivationofmusclearoundthespineduringthecourseofTaiChiexerciseshowedafluctuatingtrendindifferentmotileunits,andtheactivationofmusclesinno.l,no.6,no.10,no.12,no.15,no.l7,no.19andno.22movementincreasedsignificantly.Amongthem,themuscleactivitylevelcurveoftheTaiChimovescorrespondingtotheaction10hasthemostsignificantincreaseinthe"rightfootkick"movement.InthewholesetofTaiChiexercise,theerectorspinae,thesemi-spinalmuscles,thethoracicmultifidusmuscles,thetransversusabdominismusclesandotherforcesincreased,whilethepsoasmusclesandspinemuscleswereweakenedanderectedoverall.ThechangetendencyofthejointtorqueinthethreedirectionsofthespineintheTaiChimovementremainedbasicallythesame,andtherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenthedifferentjoints.Atthesametime,thefrontandrearbendingmomentsofthespineandtheleftandrightbendingmomentsincreasesignificantly,andthemaximumincreasecanbeabout36times.Theleftandr7ghtrotationmomentsarerelativelystablewithalowgrowthrate.Inteensofjointstress,thestressintheleftandrightdirectionofthespinaljointduringTaiChiexerciseisalmostzero;thestressinthefore-and-aftdirectionofthejointtendstofluctuate,reachingtheonlypeakinaction10;thestressintheup-downdirectionofthejointchangessignificantly,differentsectionsSegmentjointsreachtheirrespectivepeaksin,ultiplefactors.Thestresspeaksofallthejointsinaction10werethehighestpeaks,indicatingthattheTaiChimovement'rightfootkick'correspondingtothisactionhadthegreatestloadonthespinejoints.Intermsofjointangle,thereisnoobviouschangeintheangleofspinaljointsinTaiChiexercise.Conclusion:1.TaiChiexercisecanenhancethemusclestrengthoftheerectorspinae,semi一spinalismuscle,thoracicmultifidusmuscle,transversusmuscle,etc.toenhancethebalancecontrolofthepractitionerandenhancethestabilityofthespine;Themusclearoundthemiddlespinemainlyexertsamechanicaleffectoncompletingtheanteriorandposteriormovementsandmaintainingthepre-andpost-equilibrium.ThechangesinjointstresscanreflecttheroleofTaiChiexerciseinstretchingthespineandexercisingtheattachmentligamentofthespine;3.The"rightrubbingfoot"inChen'sTaiChiexercise.Thesingle-leggedmovementssuchas"GoldenRoosterIndependence"and"Overcasting"arethemainactionsofTaiChiexerciseintheskeletalandmuscularsystemofthespine.The"right-footed"movementhasahighrequirementonmusclestrength,heavyloadonthejoints,andacertainpotentialriskofdamagewhenitisnotdoneinaregularorexcessivemanner.Basedontheabovedata,itcanbeconcludedthatTaiChiexercisehasthecharacteristicsofsmallmovementamplitude,lowmusclestrength,andlightspineloadwhilebeingabletoexercisetheskeletalandmuscularsystemofthespine,andissuitableforpromotionasarehabilitationandhealthcarecampaignamongpatientswithchronicorthopedicdiseasesorelderlypeople.Keywords:TaiChi,SpineBiomechanics,Simulation目录第1章绪论1.1太极拳概况1.2太极拳运动的生物力学研究现状1.2.1太极拳运动的足底压力研究1.2.2太极拳运动的关节受力与活动度研究1.2.3太极拳运动的肌肉活动研究1.2.4太极拳运动生物力学研究的现有问题1.3研究目的1.4研究思路第2章研究内容2.1研究对象和方法2.1.1实验对象与测试动作2.1.2实验设备与仪器2.1.3研究方法2.1.4运动学实验平台搭建与预实验2.1.5运动学数据采集与处理2.1.6Anybody仿真模型建立2.2研究结果与分析2.2.1脊柱肌肉激活度的仿真分析2.2.2脊柱关节力矩的仿真分析2.2.3脊柱关节应力的仿真分析2.2.3脊柱关节角度的仿真分析第三章讨论第四章结论参考文献附录作者简介及科研成果致谢
法[2.2]太极拳对脊柱及周围肌肉动力学参数影响分析[第三章]脊柱锻炼中太极拳的作用讨论[第四章-参考文献]太极拳对脊柱生物力学的作用研究结论与参考文献
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