自适应前照明系统
自适應前照明系统[20200907164411]
自适应前照明系统
AlekseyNikolaevichSimonov, MichielChristiaanRombach
摘要
本发明涉及I.种调整光束的光学系统,该光学系统至少包括两个光学元件,其中至少I.个元件相对于另外I.个元件在至少I.个垂直于光学系统的轴线方向上是可以移动的,其中光束是至少同时采用两个光学变形的,变形的程度取决于光学元件的相对位置.这样I.个系统能够调整光束的质量.形状.方向,通过放大和变量同时修改根据至少两个光学变形的,至少两个变形的程度取决于光元件的相对位置.至少有两个光学变形必须应用于调整光束到所期望的特性,该特性随着光束方向的范围而变化.
介绍
自适应前照明系统
车灯是电动的,他们I.般成对定位,位于车辆前部,每边有I.个或两个.前大灯系统需要产生I.个低光束(或者:近光或变暗光束)和高光束(或者:主光束,远光束,最大强度光束),光束是I.个功能通过I.个独特的灯产生或有I.个多功能灯产生.高光束投射直光,可以看到远处.远光束会为迎面而来的道路使用者产生眩光,由于水滴的折射,远光束会被雾和雨反射.近光束对向上的光有严格的控制,将绝大部分的光线向下和向路边照射.
前大灯有I.个光源,如传统的白炽灯,卤素灯,IV灯.HID灯(如氙弧灯 *好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: ￥3^5`1^9`1^6^0`7^2$
或双氙气灯),或者,最近介绍的,发光II极管,LEDs.前照灯I.般还包括凹镜反射器,透镜光学元件(构建在灯上,分开或前照灯的护罩玻璃的I.部分).前照灯罩玻璃的光学器件可以包括菲涅尔及被模制到玻璃盖和可转向的光的部分横向和纵向以提供所需的光分布图案的棱镜光学系统.反射光学元件也可以提供适当的配光图案和通常被设计成通过压缩成型或注射成型的塑料反射器本身.聚光透镜可以成为灯泡本身的I.部分.
今天大多数豪华车有高强度放电(氙气)灯.包括汞蒸气,金属卤化物.高压钠和氙短弧灯.最明显区分这些灯的颜色,这无疑是蓝白色的.高强度放电(HID)前灯越来越成为全球汽车制造商的首选技术.AFLS正在增加的重要性,以最大限度地利用优秀的照明藏提供,同时减少眩光的风险造成的不良直接躲.然而,led现在也申请了前照灯和预计将取代藏在未来光源的选择.AFLS新兴大灯技术或自适应前照明系统(AFLS).AFLS提供最佳照明在各种驾驶条件下通过自动修改的指向性图案和形状前灯在回应各种速度,天气和道路情况.前照灯自动移动的方向盘转向.这有助于照亮道路和曲线处于初期阶段允许司机更多的时间来适应新的情况.AFLS考虑转向角和车辆速度东方车头灯的角度提供了更好的夜间能见度.AFS提供了I.个广泛的能见度在转弯,驾驶员的注视点的照明.
恶劣天气灯还确保司机看到更多的雨,雪或雾,例如,被光反射路面干扰.这是通过减少中央的力量照亮区域的两个光锥,中距离范围和指向道路边缘的V%.这可以实现,例如,通过多使用和间连接独立的功能基团,或由水平和垂直旋转头灯单位,可移动的反射器元素和变量过滤器安装在梁的路径.在几分之I.秒,执行机构相应地调整组件的情况.微机的致动器可以接收他们的命令.这里假定控制sensor-recordedAFL系统非独立的参数如速度.前轮锁角,身体倾斜,负载和环境光,减少眩光迎面而来的交通和弯曲的道路照明.AFLS弥补车辆倾向的变化相对于路面通过轻微的头灯的光束垂直调整.这种自动头灯调平系统保持光线平行于路面无论车辆的倾斜.车辆可能会倾斜的结果,例如,额外的乘客,负载在树干或填充的燃料箱.开车时,车辆在制动或加速倾斜变化.在这两种情况下,必须维护前照灯水平巷道.照明灯自动调平系统相关调整角度各种传感器数据_特别是悬挂压缩前后轮轴的数据.AFLS增加了戏剧性的改善裁剪前灯的光分布到特定的驾驶情况.预计在未来AFLS将包含在每辆车.
USII00VIIII.I.III.VIIIII,TWIIVVIIIVIVIXBCNI.IXVV0IVIV描述I.个AFLS能够沿着道路照明和外围和前景与多个固定照明模块和LED照明光源发光的能力以应对车辆的转弯半径.
EPI.VIIIVII0VIIIIIV描述了I.个照明灯,反射器提供了III个区域,以生成不同的光束与光源排列在前面的反射器.I.个圆柱形的面具只允许通过预定的光源发出的包在I.个预定的方向反射的区域.生成的包AFLS选择区域的反射器.
WOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIV使用液晶元件不定地修改光束没有机械运动.
JPII00VII.IVVIIIVVIII描述前灯与II次椭圆反射表面,第I.次与I.个主要焦点的椭圆反射表面,波动的纵向方向车辆的第I.个焦点的中心.USII00VI00VIIVIIXVII担忧汽车大灯与自适应光分布创建各种头灯模式,特别是光分布的车头,低收入梁,车 *好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: ￥3^5`1^9`1^6^0`7^2$
头灯,和/或停车灯,与光源的光学投影系统,光源是单独的字段转换的领导和I.个光学投影系统,镜头,放置在领导面前.DEII0II00V0I.0II0VU描述了大灯,有I.个光源和I.个分段的反射器.个人反射段被安排在这样I.种方式,他们偏离原来的反射区.
USII00IVIIIV0III.VII包含I.个自适应前照明系统利用至少I.个LED作为光源,意味着将导致实现AFS的功能.汽车GBIIIIIIXVVIVVIII描述了I.种自适应前照明系统包括I.个侧灯单元和I.个头灯单元前灯的横向移动改变光束的方向在依赖方向盘位置,水平和侧灯在哪里活动改变光束的方向依赖方向盘的位置和车辆的速度.JPII00IV0IXVIIIVIIIVI.是I.种自适应front-lighting系统执行机构和齿轮机构,光源位置.WOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0与本发明的光学,描述I.个人工晶状体变光功率,由至少两个光学元素,至少其中I.个是可移动的相对于其他的方向垂直于光轴,其中光学元素形成I.个镜头用不同的光功率在不同相对位置的光元素,其中至少有两个镜头的光学元件包括至少I.个额外的光学校正表面修正表面用于同步变量的I.个或多个光学畸变校正的眼睛的修正程度取决于光元素的相对位置.
之前艺术上面AFLS指包含本文档中描述的变量将光学.通过引用,只有WOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIV,是当前文档的I.部分,连续变量控制光束的担忧.这是通过由液晶光调制,本文档中描述的是另I.个意思.I.个特例是WOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0描述了I.种成像系统(与本发明涉及投影系统),在人眼适应人工晶状体(与本发明涉及前灯),移动的光学应用于减少扭曲(与本发明涉及放大扭曲).
发明的描述
本发明描述光投影同步变量引入理想的投射光束,扭曲或组合不同的光束所需的形状.例如,对于汽车行业,汽车头灯的结构可以这样I.个变量倾斜变形可以通过至少两个元素引入表面根据下面的概念:通过改变元素可以倾斜横向梁和梁形状可以修改所需的形状.例如,照明的道路旅行)或垂直倾斜转弯时,再次与梁形状修改的变化,例如,光束从梁高到低梁,或任何替代等之间的梁,包括变量控制光束的角度.
下面描述的光学系统可以与多个拼接的设计,这样可以达到相同的效果与光数组,例如数组,或单I.光源分成数组,例如,raster-optics.显然最后的梁的细节,如光分布或照明角度,倾斜,或这些因素的组合,可以精确地设计.汽车头灯设计维度上面概述和变量的能力放大倾斜结合其他扭曲的小说.
本发明描述了I.种光学系统组成,至少两个,光元素的,至少I.个,活动相对于其他的方向垂直于光轴的光学系统,系统能够适应的质量.形状.方向和其他所需的特征的光束通过放大和不定地修改,至少两个,同时光学扭曲的程度,至少两个,扭曲取决于光元素的相对位置.
的组合,至少两个,必须应用光学畸变光束的适应所需的规范,而规范的范围不同光束方向.放大的组合下列扭曲(为了Zernike系列),最有可能是有效的:倾斜,散焦和散光扭曲.如果有必要实现所需的细节梁扭曲的III叶草和球形扭曲可以添加.高阶失真可以添加,但很可能有限使用的应用程序.
重要的是要注意,术语畸变"通常是与Zernike系列用于波面特性不适用投射光束为提出文档.畸变I.般控制,而扭曲是故意放大的发明在本文档中,几乎所有的光学系统设计用于成像,从而修正.因此,此处使用的术语失真"是定义改变(或者:修改.改编.方式.attenuations)光束形状.介绍了引用Zernike系列,因为这些最好的说明了本文档中提到的类型和形状扭曲.同时,充足的例子和插图指Zernike形状可以在公开的来源.
倾斜变形是主要变形考虑这样的系统.系统应该提供I.个组合的变量倾斜畸变,至少I.个轴结合,至少有I.个,其他变量失真,在相同,至少I.个轴.
如前所述的主要应用本发明的特点驻留在汽车行业,特别是车头灯,尽管其他应用程序并不排除在外.
首先,AFLS倾斜畸变影响高低光之间的最重要的变化(上下,y轴).其他扭曲同时必须改变影响梁因为光束特性高光束特性不同于低梁的特征.可以逐渐改变,不断根据变化的速度.中间位置之间可以实现高光束和低梁.注意,高.低梁之间的变化可以影响与本文档中描述的光学非常快,速度,说,至少每秒I.0次,或者,在光和小的化身,甚至I.00次每秒.所以,车头灯的角度可以不断调整根据汽车的倾斜(例如,有或没有I.个沉重的)或倾斜的道路,例如清理山上或山谷时,车头灯的可以由I.个系统包括电子从悬挂水平和信息.光学可以由至少I.个执行机构可以与汽车的电子产品,包括传感器悬挂单位.
其次,倾斜畸变影响旋转当应用在I.个水平面(left-to-是的,约x轴),道路照明,另外,转弯和路边查看.其他扭曲将改变同时影响梁的特点,因为道路观看光束特征不同于观看路边的特点.可以逐渐改变,不断根据变化的速度.中间位置之间的公路,路边查看也可以实现.
其他几个扭曲可以应用于进I.步改变梁,特别是梁形状的形状.
首先,变量散焦失真会影响的细节(迄今为止轮)束锥,从而改变光圆的直径在给定的距离.散焦变形,改变不定地结合,至少,倾斜畸变可以应用光束适应所需的形状.
其次,至少有I.个变量散光失真可以改变光束形状椭圆形状改变光束的对称性提供手段.根据所需的光束形状可以引入I.个或两个变量astigmatisms,车灯或散光变形方向会不同.变量散光扭曲结合,至少,I.个倾斜变形,可用于光束适应所需的形状.
如果需要,其他扭曲,例如变量昏迷和变量球面畸变可以添加到不定地影响梁内的光分布的形状根据上述措施.昏迷变形将产生I.个椭圆形光分配不均和球面变形将产生不均匀分布的圆形光.在这两种情况下的分布可以设计.改变光分布的光束可以减少反射得益于雾和雨由于水滴的折射.预计所有上面提到的变量扭曲的组合提供充足的选项为AFLS设计所需的光束的应用程序.
扭曲可以分布在梁运动的方向.例如,散光扭曲只能被限制在水平运动,或应用于水平和垂直运动.这同样适用于散焦失真和其他扭曲.例如,模拟显示,散光失真很可能成为主要的选择所需的变形增加强度在转弯.此外,光学的定位可以任何角度和水平轴.
附件II:外文原文
Adaptivefrontlightingsystem
WOII0I.00IIIVVIVIVIIIAI.
AlekseyNikolaevichSimonov, MichielChristiaanRombach
Abstract
Theinventionrelatestoanopticalsystemforadaptingalightbeam,theopticalsystemcomprisingatleasttwoopticalelementsofwhichatleastoneismovablerelativetotheotherinatleastonedirectionperpendiculartotheopticalaxisoftheopticalsystem,whereinthelightbeamissimultaneouslyadaptedbyatleasttwoopticaldistortionsofwhichthedegreeofthedistortionsdependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.Suchasystemcanadaptthequality,shape,directionofalightbeambyamplificationandvariablesimultaneousmodificationofatleasttwoopticaldistortionsofwhichthedegreeoftheatleasttwodistortionsdependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.Atleasttwo,opticaldistortionsmustbeappliedtoadaptthelightbeamtodesiredspecifications,whichspecificationsvaryovertherangeofthebeamdirection.
Introduction
AdaptiveFrontLightingSystem
Headlightsareelectricallyoperatedandtheyaregenerallypositionedinpairs,locatedonthefrontofthevehiclewithoneortwooneachside.Aheadlampsystemisrequiredtoproducealowbeam(alternatively:dippedordimmedbeam)andahighbeam
(alternatively:main,far,fullbeam)byeitheroneindividuallampforeachofthefunctionsorbyasinglemultifunctionallamp.Highbeamscasttheirlightstraightahead,forseeinginthedistance.Highbeamscanproduceglaretooncomingroadusersandcanbereflectedfromfogandrainduetotherefractionofwaterdroplets.Lowbeamshaveastrictcontrolofupwardlightanddirectmostlightdownwardandtothesideoftheroad.
Headlightshavealightsourcesuchasconventionalfilamentlamp,halogenlamps,Quadlights,HIDlamps(suchastheXenonarclampsorBi-Xenonlamps),or,introducedrecently,LightEmittingDiodes,LEDs.Headlightsgenerallyalsoincludeaconcavemirrorreflector,lensoptics(buildinthelamp,separateorpartofthecoverglassoftheheadlight).TheopticsoftheheadlightcoverglasscanincludeFresnelandprismopticsthataremoldedintotheglasscoverandwhichcanshiftpartsofthelightlaterallyandverticallytoprovidetherequiredlightdistributionpattern.Thereflectoropticscanalsoprovideproperlightdistributionpatternandaregenerallydesignedintothereflectoritselfbycompression-moldedorinjectionmoldedplastics.Acondenserlenscanbepartofthelightbulbitself.
Mostluxurycarstodayhavehighintensitydischarge(Xenon)lamps.TheHIDincludesmercuryvapor,metalhalide,high-pressuresodiumandxenonshort-arclamps.Mostdistinguishableabouttheselightsisthecolor,whichisdistinctlyblue-white.Highintensitydischarge(HID)headlightsareincreasinglybecomingthetechnologyofchoiceforvehiclemanufacturersacrosstheglobe.AFLSaregainingincreasedimportanceinordertomakemaximumuseoftheexcellentilluminationHIDprovidesandatthesametimereducetheriskofglarecausedbypoorlydirectedHIDbeams.However,LEDsarenowalsobeingappliedforheadlampsandareexpectedtoreplaceHIDaslightsourceofchoiceinthefuture.AnewemergingheadlighttechnologyisAFLSorAdaptiveFrontLightingSystem(AFLS).AFLSprovidesoptimalilluminationinvariousdrivingconditionsbyautomaticallymodifyingthebeampatternandshapeoftheheadlightsinresponsetovariousspeed,weatherconditionsandroadsituations.Theheadlampsautomaticallymoveasthesteeringwheelisturned.Thishelpsilluminatetheroadandcurvesatanearlystageallowingthedrivermoretimetoadjusttonewsituations.AFLStakesintoaccountboththesteeringangleandthevehiclespeedtoorienttheheadlampstoananglethatprovidesbetternight-timevisibility.AFSprovidesawiderrangeofvisibilityduringcornering,theilluminationofthedriversgazepoint.
Badweatherlightsalsoensuresthatthedriverseesmoreinrain,snoworfogwithout,forexample,beingdisturbedbylightreflectingofftheroadsurface.Thisisachievedbyreducingthestrengthofthecentralilluminatedareainfavoroftwoconesoflight,whichhaveamiddle-distancerangeandpointtowardstheedgesoftheroadbyV%.Thiscanbeachieved,forexample,bymultiple-usageandinter-linkingofindividualfunctiongroups,orbyhorizontallyandverticallyswivelingheadlampunits,withmoveablereflectorelementsandvariablefiltersmountedinthepathofthebeam.Inafractionofasecond,actuatorsadjustcomponentsaccordinglytotheprevailingsituation.Theactuatorscanreceivetheircommandsfromthemicrocomputerofthevehicle.ThisassumescontroloftheAFLsystemdependentlyofsensor-recordedparameterssuchasspeed,front-wheellockangle,bodytilt,loadandambientlight,minimizingglareforoncomingtrafficandilluminationofcurvingroadways.AFLScompensatesforchangesinavehiclesinclinationrelativetotheroadsurfacebymakingslightverticaladjustmentstotheheadlampslightbeam.Suchautomaticheadlamplevelingsystemskeepthelightparalleltotheroadsurfaceregardlessofthevehiclestilt.Avehiclemaytiltasaresultof,forexample,additionalpassengers,loadinthetrunkorfillingofthefueltank.Alsowhiledriving,thevehicletiltchangesduringbrakingoracceleration.Inbothcases,theheadlampsmustbemaintainedlevelwiththeroadway.Automaticheadlamplevelingsystemscorrelatetheiradjustmentanglesbasedonavarietyofsensordata-inparticularsuspensioncompressiondatafromthefrontandrearaxles.AFLSaddsdramaticimprovementstoheadlightsbytailoringthelightdistributiontospecificdrivingsituations.ItisexpectedthatAFLSwillbeincludedineverycarinthefuture.
USII00VIIII.I.III.VIIIII,andTWIIVVIIIVIVIXBandCNI.IXVV0IVIVdescribeanAFLScapableofdowntheroadilluminationandperipheralandforegroundilluminationwithmultiplestationarylightingmodulesandLEDlightsourcescapableofemittinglightinresponsetothevehiclesturningradius.
EPI.VIIIVII0VIIIIIVdescribesaheadlampwithareflectorwhichprovidesthreeregionsforgeneratingdifferentlightbeamsincombinationwithalightsourcearrangedinfrontofthereflector.Acylindricalmaskallowstopassonlypredeterminedbundlesemittedbythelightsourceinadirectionofapredeterminedzoneofthereflector.ThebundlesgeneratedbytheregionsofthereflectorareselectedforAFLS.
WOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIVusesaliquidcrystalelementtovariablymodifythelightbeamwithoutmechanicalmovement.
JPII00VII.IVVIIIVVIIIdescribesheadlightswithasecondaryellipticalreflectingsurfacethatsharesafirstfocalpointwithamainellipticalreflectingsurfaceandthatswingsinthelongitudinaldirectionofthevehiclewithrespecttothefirstfocalpointservingasthecenter.USII00VI00VIIVIIXVIIconcernsanautomobileheadlightwithadaptivelightdistributiontocreatevariousheadlightmodes,particularlylightdistributionofahigh-beam,low-beam,drivinglight,and/orparkinglight,withalightsourcewithanopticalprojectionsystemwherebythelightsourceisafieldofindividuallyswitchedLEDs,andanopticalprojectionsystem,lens,placedinfrontoftheLEDfield.DEII0II00V0I.0II0VUdescribesaheadlightthathasalightsourceandasegmentedreflector.Theindividualreflectorsegmentsarearrangedinsuchamannerthattheydeviatefromtheoriginalreflectorarea.
USII00IVIIIV0III.VIIcomprisesanadaptivefrontlightingsystemutilizingatleastoneLEDasalightsourceandameansformovingtheLEDtoachieveAFSfunctionality.GBIIIIIIXVVIVVIIIdescribesanadaptivefrontlightingsystemformotorvehicleswhichcomprisesasidelightunitandaheadlightunitwheretheheadlightsarehorizontallymovabletoalterthedirectionofthebeamindependenceonthesteeringwheelposition,andwherethesidelightsarehorizontallymovabletoalterthedirectionofthebeamindependenceonthesteeringwheelpositionandthespeedofthevehicle.JPII00IV0IXVIIIVIIIVI.isanadaptivefront-lightingsystemwithanactuatorandagearmechanismthatpositionsthelightsource.WOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0relatestotheopticsofthisinvention,describinganintraocularlenswithvariableopticalpower,comprisingatleasttwoopticalelements,atleastoneofwhichismovablerelativetotheotherinadirectionperpendiculartotheopticalaxis,whereintheopticalelementsformalenswithdifferentopticalpoweratdifferentrelativepositionsoftheopticalelementsandwhereinatleasttwooftheopticalelementsofthelenscomprisesatleastoneadditionalopticalcorrectionsurfacewhichcorrectionsurfacesareadaptedforsimultaneousvariablecorrectionofoneormoreopticalaberrationsoftheeyeinwhichthedegreeofcorrectiondependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.
ThepriorartonAFLSreferredtoabovedoincludevariableshiftingopticsasdescribedinthisdocument.OnlyWOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIV,whichis,byreference,partofthepresentdocument,concernscontinuousvariablecontroloflightbeams.Thisisachievedbylightmodulationbyliquidcrystalwhichisanothermeanasdescribedinthisdocument.AspecialcaseisWOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0whichdescribesanimagingsystem(incontrasttothepresentinventionwhichconcernsaprojectionsystem),inthehumaneyeasanaccommodatingintraocularlens(incontrasttothepresentinventionwhichconcernsheadlights),forwhichmovingopticsareappliedtominimizedistortions(incontrasttothepresentinventionwhichconcernsamplificationofdistortions).ThepresentinventionincombinationwiththeAFLSisnovel.
Descriptionoftheinvention
Thisinventiondescribeslightprojectionwithsimultaneousvariableintroductionofdesirabledistortionstoprojectalightbeam,oracombinationofdifferentlightbeamsofthedesiredshape.Forexample,fortheautomotiveindustries,constructionsofheadlightsofcarscanbesuchthatavariabletiltdistortioncanbeintroducedbyapplyingatleasttwoelementswithsurfacesaccordingtoconceptsoutlinedbelow:byshiftingtheelementsthebeamcanbetiltedhorizontallyandbeamsshapecanbemodifiedtothedesiredshape.Forexample,lightingthepathoftravelwhenturningacorner)ortiltedvertically,againwithbeamshapemodifiedtochange,forexample,thebeamfromhighbeamtolowbeam,oranyalternativeinbetweensuchbeams,includingvariablecontrolovertheangleofthelightbeam.
Theopticalsystemdescribedbelowcanbedesignedwithamultipleofsub-aperturessothatsameeffectscanbeachievedwithlightarrays,forexampleLEDarrays,orsinglelightsourcessplitintoarraysby,forexample,raster-optics.Clearlythespecificsofthefinalbeam,suchaslightdistributionorlightingangle,tilt,oracombinationofthesefactors,canbepreciselydesigned.Carheadlightsdesignedwithdimensionsasoutlinedaboveandcapableofvariableamplificationoftiltincombinationwithotherdistortionsarenovel.
Thisinventiondescribesanopticalsystemcomprising,atleasttwo,opticalelementsofwhich,atleastone,ismovablerelativetotheotherinadirectionperpendiculartotheopticalaxisoftheopticalsystemwhichsystemcanadaptthequality,shape,directionandotherdesiredcharacteristicsofalightbeambyamplificationandvariablymodificationof,atleasttwo,opticaldistortionssimultaneouslyofwhichthedegreeofthe,atleasttwo,distortionsdependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.
Acombinationof,atleasttwo,opticaldistortionsmustbeappliedtoadaptthelightbeamtodesiredspecifications,whichspecificationsvaryovertherangeofthebeamdirection.Amplificationofcombinationsofthefollowingdistortions(inorderoftheZernikeseries),aremostlikelytobeeffective:tilt,defocusandastigmatismdistortions.Ifnecessarytoachievethedesiredspecificsofthebeamthedistortionstrefoilandsphericaldistortionscanbeadded.Higherorderdistortionscanbeaddedaswellbutarelikelyoflimitedusefortheintendedapplication.
Itisimportanttonotethattheterm"aberration"isnormallyusedinrelationtoZernikeseriesforwave-frontcharacterizationisnotapplicabletoprojectedbeamsasputforwardinthisdocument.Also,aberrationsaregenerallycontrolled,whiledistortionsarepurposefullyamplifiedbytheinventioninthisdocumentandalmostallopticalsystemsaredesignedforimagingandthuscorrection.Therefore,theterm"distortion"isusedheretodefinealterations(alternatively:modifications,adaptations,amplifications,attenuations)tothebeamshape.ThereferencestotheZernikeseriesareintroducedbecausethesebestillustratesthetypeandshapeofdistortionsmentionedinthisdocument.Also,ampleexamplesandillustrationsreferringtoZernikeshapescanbefoundinpubliclyavailablesources.
Tiltdistortionisamaindistortiontoconsiderforsuchsystem.Asystemshouldforemostprovideacombinationofvariabletiltdistortionover,atleastone,axisincombinationwith,atleastone,othervariabledistortion,overthesame,atleastone,axis.
Asstatedbeforeamajorapplicationofthefeaturesofthepresentinventionresideintheautomotiveindustry,inparticularforheadlights,althoughotherapplicationsarenotexcluded.
Firstly,forAFLS,tiltdistortionaffectsthemostimportantchangebetweenhighandlowlight(up-and-down;abouttheY-axis).Otherdistortionsmustbechangedsimultaneouslytoaffectbeamcharacteristicsbecausebeamcharacteristicsforahighbeamaredifferentfromthecharacteristicsofalowbeam.Thechangescanbegraduallyandcontinuously,dependingonthespeedofchange.Intermediatepositionsbetweenhighbeamandlowbeamcanbeachievedaswell.Notethatthechangesbetweenhighandlowbeamcanbeaffectedveryfastwiththeopticsdescribedinthisdocument,atspeedsof,say,atleastI.0timespersecond,or,inlightandsmallembodiments,evenuptoI.00timespersecond.So,theangleoftheheadlightscanbecontinuouslyadjustedaccordingtothetiltofthecar(forexample,withorwithoutaheavyloadintheback)orthetiltoftheroad,forexamplewhenclearingahillorvalley,inwhichtheheadlightscanbedrivenbyasystemincludinganelectroniclevelandinformationfromthesuspension.Theopticscanbedrivenbyatleastoneactuatorwhichcanbelinkedtotheelectronicsofthecar,includingsensorsonsuspensionunits.
Secondly,tiltdistortionaffectsswivelwhenappliedinahorizontalplane(left-to-right;abouttheX-axis),forlightingoftheroadand,alternatively,corneringandroad-sideviewing.Otherdistortionswillbechangedsimultaneouslytoaffectbeamcharacteristicsbecausebeamcharacteristicsforroadviewingaredifferentfromthecharacteristicsforroad-sideviewing.Thechangescanbegraduallyandcontinuously,dependingonthespeedofchange.Intermediatepositionsinbetweenroadandroad-sideviewingcanbeachievedaswell.
Severalotherdistortionscanbeappliedtofurtherchangethebeam,particularlytheshapeofthebeamshape.
Firstly,variabledefocusdistortionwillaffectthespecificsofthe(hithertoround)beamconeandthuschangethediameterofthelightcircleatagivendistance.Defocusdistortion,changingvariablyincombinationwith,atleast,tiltdistortioncanbeappliedtoadaptthebeamtoadesiredshape.
Secondly,atleastone,variableastigmatismdistortioncanchangethebeamshapetoanovalshapeprovidingmeanstoalterthesymmetryofthebeam.Dependingonthedesiredbeamshapeoneortwovariableastigmatismscanbeintroduced,orastigmatismdistortiondirectioncanvarybetweenheadlights.So,variableastigmatismdistortionincombinationwith,atleast,onetiltdistortion,canbeappliedtoadaptthebeamtoadesiredshape.
Ifdesired,otherdistortions,forexamplevariablecomasandvariablesphericaldistortioncanbeaddedtovariablyaffectthelightdistributionwithinthebeamwithashapeaccordingtoforegoingmeasures.Comadistortionwillproduceanovalshapewithunequaldistributionoflightandsphericaldistortionwillproducearoundshapewithunevendistributionoflight.Inbothcasesthedistributionoflightcanbedesigned.Alteredlightdistributionwithinthebeamcanbeofbenefittoreducereflectionsfromfogandrainduetotherefractionofwaterdroplets.ItisexpectedthatcombinationsofallthevariabledistortionsmentionedaboveprovideampleoptionstodesigndesiredlightbeamsforAFLSapplications.
Distortionscanbedistributedoverthedirectionsofbeammovement.Forexample,astigmatismdistortioncanberestrictedtothehorizontalmovementonly,orappliedtobothhorizontalandverticalmovement.Thesameappliestodefocusdistortionandtootherdistortions.Forexample,simulationsshowthatastigmatismdistortionmightwellbecomethemaindesireddistortionofchoicetoincreaseinintensityduringcornering.Also,thepositioningoftheopticscanhaveanyangleversusthehorizontalaxis..
自适应前照明系统
AlekseyNikolaevichSimonov
摘要
本发明涉及I.种调整光束的光学系统,该光学系统至少包括两个光学元件,其中至少I.个元件相对于另外I.个元件在至少I.个垂直于光学系统的轴线方向上是可以移动的,其中光束是至少同时采用两个光学变形的,变形的程度取决于光学元件的相对位置.这样I.个系统能够调整光束的质量.形状.方向,通过放大和变量同时修改根据至少两个光学变形的,至少两个变形的程度取决于光元件的相对位置.至少有两个光学变形必须应用于调整光束到所期望的特性,该特性随着光束方向的范围而变化.
介绍
自适应前照明系统
车灯是电动的,他们I.般成对定位,位于车辆前部,每边有I.个或两个.前大灯系统需要产生I.个低光束(或者:近光或变暗光束)和高光束(或者:主光束,远光束,最大强度光束),光束是I.个功能通过I.个独特的灯产生或有I.个多功能灯产生.高光束投射直光,可以看到远处.远光束会为迎面而来的道路使用者产生眩光,由于水滴的折射,远光束会被雾和雨反射.近光束对向上的光有严格的控制,将绝大部分的光线向下和向路边照射.
前大灯有I.个光源,如传统的白炽灯,卤素灯,IV灯.HID灯(如氙弧灯 *好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: ￥3^5`1^9`1^6^0`7^2$
或双氙气灯),或者,最近介绍的,发光II极管,LEDs.前照灯I.般还包括凹镜反射器,透镜光学元件(构建在灯上,分开或前照灯的护罩玻璃的I.部分).前照灯罩玻璃的光学器件可以包括菲涅尔及被模制到玻璃盖和可转向的光的部分横向和纵向以提供所需的光分布图案的棱镜光学系统.反射光学元件也可以提供适当的配光图案和通常被设计成通过压缩成型或注射成型的塑料反射器本身.聚光透镜可以成为灯泡本身的I.部分.
今天大多数豪华车有高强度放电(氙气)灯.包括汞蒸气,金属卤化物.高压钠和氙短弧灯.最明显区分这些灯的颜色,这无疑是蓝白色的.高强度放电(HID)前灯越来越成为全球汽车制造商的首选技术.AFLS正在增加的重要性,以最大限度地利用优秀的照明藏提供,同时减少眩光的风险造成的不良直接躲.然而,led现在也申请了前照灯和预计将取代藏在未来光源的选择.AFLS新兴大灯技术或自适应前照明系统(AFLS).AFLS提供最佳照明在各种驾驶条件下通过自动修改的指向性图案和形状前灯在回应各种速度,天气和道路情况.前照灯自动移动的方向盘转向.这有助于照亮道路和曲线处于初期阶段允许司机更多的时间来适应新的情况.AFLS考虑转向角和车辆速度东方车头灯的角度提供了更好的夜间能见度.AFS提供了I.个广泛的能见度在转弯,驾驶员的注视点的照明.
恶劣天气灯还确保司机看到更多的雨,雪或雾,例如,被光反射路面干扰.这是通过减少中央的力量照亮区域的两个光锥,中距离范围和指向道路边缘的V%.这可以实现,例如,通过多使用和间连接独立的功能基团,或由水平和垂直旋转头灯单位,可移动的反射器元素和变量过滤器安装在梁的路径.在几分之I.秒,执行机构相应地调整组件的情况.微机的致动器可以接收他们的命令.这里假定控制sensor-recordedAFL系统非独立的参数如速度.前轮锁角,身体倾斜,负载和环境光,减少眩光迎面而来的交通和弯曲的道路照明.AFLS弥补车辆倾向的变化相对于路面通过轻微的头灯的光束垂直调整.这种自动头灯调平系统保持光线平行于路面无论车辆的倾斜.车辆可能会倾斜的结果,例如,额外的乘客,负载在树干或填充的燃料箱.开车时,车辆在制动或加速倾斜变化.在这两种情况下,必须维护前照灯水平巷道.照明灯自动调平系统相关调整角度各种传感器数据_特别是悬挂压缩前后轮轴的数据.AFLS增加了戏剧性的改善裁剪前灯的光分布到特定的驾驶情况.预计在未来AFLS将包含在每辆车.
USII00VIIII.I.III.VIIIII,TWIIVVIIIVIVIXBCNI.IXVV0IVIV描述I.个AFLS能够沿着道路照明和外围和前景与多个固定照明模块和LED照明光源发光的能力以应对车辆的转弯半径.
EPI.VIIIVII0VIIIIIV描述了I.个照明灯,反射器提供了III个区域,以生成不同的光束与光源排列在前面的反射器.I.个圆柱形的面具只允许通过预定的光源发出的包在I.个预定的方向反射的区域.生成的包AFLS选择区域的反射器.
WOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIV使用液晶元件不定地修改光束没有机械运动.
JPII00VII.IVVIIIVVIII描述前灯与II次椭圆反射表面,第I.次与I.个主要焦点的椭圆反射表面,波动的纵向方向车辆的第I.个焦点的中心.USII00VI00VIIVIIXVII担忧汽车大灯与自适应光分布创建各种头灯模式,特别是光分布的车头,低收入梁,车 *好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: ￥3^5`1^9`1^6^0`7^2$
头灯,和/或停车灯,与光源的光学投影系统,光源是单独的字段转换的领导和I.个光学投影系统,镜头,放置在领导面前.DEII0II00V0I.0II0VU描述了大灯,有I.个光源和I.个分段的反射器.个人反射段被安排在这样I.种方式,他们偏离原来的反射区.
USII00IVIIIV0III.VII包含I.个自适应前照明系统利用至少I.个LED作为光源,意味着将导致实现AFS的功能.汽车GBIIIIIIXVVIVVIII描述了I.种自适应前照明系统包括I.个侧灯单元和I.个头灯单元前灯的横向移动改变光束的方向在依赖方向盘位置,水平和侧灯在哪里活动改变光束的方向依赖方向盘的位置和车辆的速度.JPII00IV0IXVIIIVIIIVI.是I.种自适应front-lighting系统执行机构和齿轮机构,光源位置.WOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0与本发明的光学,描述I.个人工晶状体变光功率,由至少两个光学元素,至少其中I.个是可移动的相对于其他的方向垂直于光轴,其中光学元素形成I.个镜头用不同的光功率在不同相对位置的光元素,其中至少有两个镜头的光学元件包括至少I.个额外的光学校正表面修正表面用于同步变量的I.个或多个光学畸变校正的眼睛的修正程度取决于光元素的相对位置.
之前艺术上面AFLS指包含本文档中描述的变量将光学.通过引用,只有WOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIV,是当前文档的I.部分,连续变量控制光束的担忧.这是通过由液晶光调制,本文档中描述的是另I.个意思.I.个特例是WOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0描述了I.种成像系统(与本发明涉及投影系统),在人眼适应人工晶状体(与本发明涉及前灯),移动的光学应用于减少扭曲(与本发明涉及放大扭曲).
发明的描述
本发明描述光投影同步变量引入理想的投射光束,扭曲或组合不同的光束所需的形状.例如,对于汽车行业,汽车头灯的结构可以这样I.个变量倾斜变形可以通过至少两个元素引入表面根据下面的概念:通过改变元素可以倾斜横向梁和梁形状可以修改所需的形状.例如,照明的道路旅行)或垂直倾斜转弯时,再次与梁形状修改的变化,例如,光束从梁高到低梁,或任何替代等之间的梁,包括变量控制光束的角度.
下面描述的光学系统可以与多个拼接的设计,这样可以达到相同的效果与光数组,例如数组,或单I.光源分成数组,例如,raster-optics.显然最后的梁的细节,如光分布或照明角度,倾斜,或这些因素的组合,可以精确地设计.汽车头灯设计维度上面概述和变量的能力放大倾斜结合其他扭曲的小说.
本发明描述了I.种光学系统组成,至少两个,光元素的,至少I.个,活动相对于其他的方向垂直于光轴的光学系统,系统能够适应的质量.形状.方向和其他所需的特征的光束通过放大和不定地修改,至少两个,同时光学扭曲的程度,至少两个,扭曲取决于光元素的相对位置.
的组合,至少两个,必须应用光学畸变光束的适应所需的规范,而规范的范围不同光束方向.放大的组合下列扭曲(为了Zernike系列),最有可能是有效的:倾斜,散焦和散光扭曲.如果有必要实现所需的细节梁扭曲的III叶草和球形扭曲可以添加.高阶失真可以添加,但很可能有限使用的应用程序.
重要的是要注意,术语畸变"通常是与Zernike系列用于波面特性不适用投射光束为提出文档.畸变I.般控制,而扭曲是故意放大的发明在本文档中,几乎所有的光学系统设计用于成像,从而修正.因此,此处使用的术语失真"是定义改变(或者:修改.改编.方式.attenuations)光束形状.介绍了引用Zernike系列,因为这些最好的说明了本文档中提到的类型和形状扭曲.同时,充足的例子和插图指Zernike形状可以在公开的来源.
倾斜变形是主要变形考虑这样的系统.系统应该提供I.个组合的变量倾斜畸变,至少I.个轴结合,至少有I.个,其他变量失真,在相同,至少I.个轴.
如前所述的主要应用本发明的特点驻留在汽车行业,特别是车头灯,尽管其他应用程序并不排除在外.
首先,AFLS倾斜畸变影响高低光之间的最重要的变化(上下,y轴).其他扭曲同时必须改变影响梁因为光束特性高光束特性不同于低梁的特征.可以逐渐改变,不断根据变化的速度.中间位置之间可以实现高光束和低梁.注意,高.低梁之间的变化可以影响与本文档中描述的光学非常快,速度,说,至少每秒I.0次,或者,在光和小的化身,甚至I.00次每秒.所以,车头灯的角度可以不断调整根据汽车的倾斜(例如,有或没有I.个沉重的)或倾斜的道路,例如清理山上或山谷时,车头灯的可以由I.个系统包括电子从悬挂水平和信息.光学可以由至少I.个执行机构可以与汽车的电子产品,包括传感器悬挂单位.
其次,倾斜畸变影响旋转当应用在I.个水平面(left-to-是的,约x轴),道路照明,另外,转弯和路边查看.其他扭曲将改变同时影响梁的特点,因为道路观看光束特征不同于观看路边的特点.可以逐渐改变,不断根据变化的速度.中间位置之间的公路,路边查看也可以实现.
其他几个扭曲可以应用于进I.步改变梁,特别是梁形状的形状.
首先,变量散焦失真会影响的细节(迄今为止轮)束锥,从而改变光圆的直径在给定的距离.散焦变形,改变不定地结合,至少,倾斜畸变可以应用光束适应所需的形状.
其次,至少有I.个变量散光失真可以改变光束形状椭圆形状改变光束的对称性提供手段.根据所需的光束形状可以引入I.个或两个变量astigmatisms,车灯或散光变形方向会不同.变量散光扭曲结合,至少,I.个倾斜变形,可用于光束适应所需的形状.
如果需要,其他扭曲,例如变量昏迷和变量球面畸变可以添加到不定地影响梁内的光分布的形状根据上述措施.昏迷变形将产生I.个椭圆形光分配不均和球面变形将产生不均匀分布的圆形光.在这两种情况下的分布可以设计.改变光分布的光束可以减少反射得益于雾和雨由于水滴的折射.预计所有上面提到的变量扭曲的组合提供充足的选项为AFLS设计所需的光束的应用程序.
扭曲可以分布在梁运动的方向.例如,散光扭曲只能被限制在水平运动,或应用于水平和垂直运动.这同样适用于散焦失真和其他扭曲.例如,模拟显示,散光失真很可能成为主要的选择所需的变形增加强度在转弯.此外,光学的定位可以任何角度和水平轴.
附件II:外文原文
Adaptivefrontlightingsystem
WOII0I.00IIIVVIVIVIIIAI.
AlekseyNikolaevichSimonov
Abstract
Theinventionrelatestoanopticalsystemforadaptingalightbeam,theopticalsystemcomprisingatleasttwoopticalelementsofwhichatleastoneismovablerelativetotheotherinatleastonedirectionperpendiculartotheopticalaxisoftheopticalsystem,whereinthelightbeamissimultaneouslyadaptedbyatleasttwoopticaldistortionsofwhichthedegreeofthedistortionsdependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.Suchasystemcanadaptthequality,shape,directionofalightbeambyamplificationandvariablesimultaneousmodificationofatleasttwoopticaldistortionsofwhichthedegreeoftheatleasttwodistortionsdependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.Atleasttwo,opticaldistortionsmustbeappliedtoadaptthelightbeamtodesiredspecifications,whichspecificationsvaryovertherangeofthebeamdirection.
Introduction
AdaptiveFrontLightingSystem
Headlightsareelectricallyoperatedandtheyaregenerallypositionedinpairs,locatedonthefrontofthevehiclewithoneortwooneachside.Aheadlampsystemisrequiredtoproducealowbeam(alternatively:dippedordimmedbeam)andahighbeam
(alternatively:main,far,fullbeam)byeitheroneindividuallampforeachofthefunctionsorbyasinglemultifunctionallamp.Highbeamscasttheirlightstraightahead,forseeinginthedistance.Highbeamscanproduceglaretooncomingroadusersandcanbereflectedfromfogandrainduetotherefractionofwaterdroplets.Lowbeamshaveastrictcontrolofupwardlightanddirectmostlightdownwardandtothesideoftheroad.
Headlightshavealightsourcesuchasconventionalfilamentlamp,halogenlamps,Quadlights,HIDlamps(suchastheXenonarclampsorBi-Xenonlamps),or,introducedrecently,LightEmittingDiodes,LEDs.Headlightsgenerallyalsoincludeaconcavemirrorreflector,lensoptics(buildinthelamp,separateorpartofthecoverglassoftheheadlight).TheopticsoftheheadlightcoverglasscanincludeFresnelandprismopticsthataremoldedintotheglasscoverandwhichcanshiftpartsofthelightlaterallyandverticallytoprovidetherequiredlightdistributionpattern.Thereflectoropticscanalsoprovideproperlightdistributionpatternandaregenerallydesignedintothereflectoritselfbycompression-moldedorinjectionmoldedplastics.Acondenserlenscanbepartofthelightbulbitself.
Mostluxurycarstodayhavehighintensitydischarge(Xenon)lamps.TheHIDincludesmercuryvapor,metalhalide,high-pressuresodiumandxenonshort-arclamps.Mostdistinguishableabouttheselightsisthecolor,whichisdistinctlyblue-white.Highintensitydischarge(HID)headlightsareincreasinglybecomingthetechnologyofchoiceforvehiclemanufacturersacrosstheglobe.AFLSaregainingincreasedimportanceinordertomakemaximumuseoftheexcellentilluminationHIDprovidesandatthesametimereducetheriskofglarecausedbypoorlydirectedHIDbeams.However,LEDsarenowalsobeingappliedforheadlampsandareexpectedtoreplaceHIDaslightsourceofchoiceinthefuture.AnewemergingheadlighttechnologyisAFLSorAdaptiveFrontLightingSystem(AFLS).AFLSprovidesoptimalilluminationinvariousdrivingconditionsbyautomaticallymodifyingthebeampatternandshapeoftheheadlightsinresponsetovariousspeed,weatherconditionsandroadsituations.Theheadlampsautomaticallymoveasthesteeringwheelisturned.Thishelpsilluminatetheroadandcurvesatanearlystageallowingthedrivermoretimetoadjusttonewsituations.AFLStakesintoaccountboththesteeringangleandthevehiclespeedtoorienttheheadlampstoananglethatprovidesbetternight-timevisibility.AFSprovidesawiderrangeofvisibilityduringcornering,theilluminationofthedriversgazepoint.
Badweatherlightsalsoensuresthatthedriverseesmoreinrain,snoworfogwithout,forexample,beingdisturbedbylightreflectingofftheroadsurface.Thisisachievedbyreducingthestrengthofthecentralilluminatedareainfavoroftwoconesoflight,whichhaveamiddle-distancerangeandpointtowardstheedgesoftheroadbyV%.Thiscanbeachieved,forexample,bymultiple-usageandinter-linkingofindividualfunctiongroups,orbyhorizontallyandverticallyswivelingheadlampunits,withmoveablereflectorelementsandvariablefiltersmountedinthepathofthebeam.Inafractionofasecond,actuatorsadjustcomponentsaccordinglytotheprevailingsituation.Theactuatorscanreceivetheircommandsfromthemicrocomputerofthevehicle.ThisassumescontroloftheAFLsystemdependentlyofsensor-recordedparameterssuchasspeed,front-wheellockangle,bodytilt,loadandambientlight,minimizingglareforoncomingtrafficandilluminationofcurvingroadways.AFLScompensatesforchangesinavehiclesinclinationrelativetotheroadsurfacebymakingslightverticaladjustmentstotheheadlampslightbeam.Suchautomaticheadlamplevelingsystemskeepthelightparalleltotheroadsurfaceregardlessofthevehiclestilt.Avehiclemaytiltasaresultof,forexample,additionalpassengers,loadinthetrunkorfillingofthefueltank.Alsowhiledriving,thevehicletiltchangesduringbrakingoracceleration.Inbothcases,theheadlampsmustbemaintainedlevelwiththeroadway.Automaticheadlamplevelingsystemscorrelatetheiradjustmentanglesbasedonavarietyofsensordata-inparticularsuspensioncompressiondatafromthefrontandrearaxles.AFLSaddsdramaticimprovementstoheadlightsbytailoringthelightdistributiontospecificdrivingsituations.ItisexpectedthatAFLSwillbeincludedineverycarinthefuture.
USII00VIIII.I.III.VIIIII,andTWIIVVIIIVIVIXBandCNI.IXVV0IVIVdescribeanAFLScapableofdowntheroadilluminationandperipheralandforegroundilluminationwithmultiplestationarylightingmodulesandLEDlightsourcescapableofemittinglightinresponsetothevehiclesturningradius.
EPI.VIIIVII0VIIIIIVdescribesaheadlampwithareflectorwhichprovidesthreeregionsforgeneratingdifferentlightbeamsincombinationwithalightsourcearrangedinfrontofthereflector.Acylindricalmaskallowstopassonlypredeterminedbundlesemittedbythelightsourceinadirectionofapredeterminedzoneofthereflector.ThebundlesgeneratedbytheregionsofthereflectorareselectedforAFLS.
WOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIVusesaliquidcrystalelementtovariablymodifythelightbeamwithoutmechanicalmovement.
JPII00VII.IVVIIIVVIIIdescribesheadlightswithasecondaryellipticalreflectingsurfacethatsharesafirstfocalpointwithamainellipticalreflectingsurfaceandthatswingsinthelongitudinaldirectionofthevehiclewithrespecttothefirstfocalpointservingasthecenter.USII00VI00VIIVIIXVIIconcernsanautomobileheadlightwithadaptivelightdistributiontocreatevariousheadlightmodes,particularlylightdistributionofahigh-beam,low-beam,drivinglight,and/orparkinglight,withalightsourcewithanopticalprojectionsystemwherebythelightsourceisafieldofindividuallyswitchedLEDs,andanopticalprojectionsystem,lens,placedinfrontoftheLEDfield.DEII0II00V0I.0II0VUdescribesaheadlightthathasalightsourceandasegmentedreflector.Theindividualreflectorsegmentsarearrangedinsuchamannerthattheydeviatefromtheoriginalreflectorarea.
USII00IVIIIV0III.VIIcomprisesanadaptivefrontlightingsystemutilizingatleastoneLEDasalightsourceandameansformovingtheLEDtoachieveAFSfunctionality.GBIIIIIIXVVIVVIIIdescribesanadaptivefrontlightingsystemformotorvehicleswhichcomprisesasidelightunitandaheadlightunitwheretheheadlightsarehorizontallymovabletoalterthedirectionofthebeamindependenceonthesteeringwheelposition,andwherethesidelightsarehorizontallymovabletoalterthedirectionofthebeamindependenceonthesteeringwheelpositionandthespeedofthevehicle.JPII00IV0IXVIIIVIIIVI.isanadaptivefront-lightingsystemwithanactuatorandagearmechanismthatpositionsthelightsource.WOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0relatestotheopticsofthisinvention,describinganintraocularlenswithvariableopticalpower,comprisingatleasttwoopticalelements,atleastoneofwhichismovablerelativetotheotherinadirectionperpendiculartotheopticalaxis,whereintheopticalelementsformalenswithdifferentopticalpoweratdifferentrelativepositionsoftheopticalelementsandwhereinatleasttwooftheopticalelementsofthelenscomprisesatleastoneadditionalopticalcorrectionsurfacewhichcorrectionsurfacesareadaptedforsimultaneousvariablecorrectionofoneormoreopticalaberrationsoftheeyeinwhichthedegreeofcorrectiondependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.
ThepriorartonAFLSreferredtoabovedoincludevariableshiftingopticsasdescribedinthisdocument.OnlyWOII00VIII.IIIIVIVIV,whichis,byreference,partofthepresentdocument,concernscontinuousvariablecontroloflightbeams.Thisisachievedbylightmodulationbyliquidcrystalwhichisanothermeanasdescribedinthisdocument.AspecialcaseisWOII00VIII0VIII.VIIVI0whichdescribesanimagingsystem(incontrasttothepresentinventionwhichconcernsaprojectionsystem),inthehumaneyeasanaccommodatingintraocularlens(incontrasttothepresentinventionwhichconcernsheadlights),forwhichmovingopticsareappliedtominimizedistortions(incontrasttothepresentinventionwhichconcernsamplificationofdistortions).ThepresentinventionincombinationwiththeAFLSisnovel.
Descriptionoftheinvention
Thisinventiondescribeslightprojectionwithsimultaneousvariableintroductionofdesirabledistortionstoprojectalightbeam,oracombinationofdifferentlightbeamsofthedesiredshape.Forexample,fortheautomotiveindustries,constructionsofheadlightsofcarscanbesuchthatavariabletiltdistortioncanbeintroducedbyapplyingatleasttwoelementswithsurfacesaccordingtoconceptsoutlinedbelow:byshiftingtheelementsthebeamcanbetiltedhorizontallyandbeamsshapecanbemodifiedtothedesiredshape.Forexample,lightingthepathoftravelwhenturningacorner)ortiltedvertically,againwithbeamshapemodifiedtochange,forexample,thebeamfromhighbeamtolowbeam,oranyalternativeinbetweensuchbeams,includingvariablecontrolovertheangleofthelightbeam.
Theopticalsystemdescribedbelowcanbedesignedwithamultipleofsub-aperturessothatsameeffectscanbeachievedwithlightarrays,forexampleLEDarrays,orsinglelightsourcessplitintoarraysby,forexample,raster-optics.Clearlythespecificsofthefinalbeam,suchaslightdistributionorlightingangle,tilt,oracombinationofthesefactors,canbepreciselydesigned.Carheadlightsdesignedwithdimensionsasoutlinedaboveandcapableofvariableamplificationoftiltincombinationwithotherdistortionsarenovel.
Thisinventiondescribesanopticalsystemcomprising,atleasttwo,opticalelementsofwhich,atleastone,ismovablerelativetotheotherinadirectionperpendiculartotheopticalaxisoftheopticalsystemwhichsystemcanadaptthequality,shape,directionandotherdesiredcharacteristicsofalightbeambyamplificationandvariablymodificationof,atleasttwo,opticaldistortionssimultaneouslyofwhichthedegreeofthe,atleasttwo,distortionsdependsontherelativepositionoftheopticalelements.
Acombinationof,atleasttwo,opticaldistortionsmustbeappliedtoadaptthelightbeamtodesiredspecifications,whichspecificationsvaryovertherangeofthebeamdirection.Amplificationofcombinationsofthefollowingdistortions(inorderoftheZernikeseries),aremostlikelytobeeffective:tilt,defocusandastigmatismdistortions.Ifnecessarytoachievethedesiredspecificsofthebeamthedistortionstrefoilandsphericaldistortionscanbeadded.Higherorderdistortionscanbeaddedaswellbutarelikelyoflimitedusefortheintendedapplication.
Itisimportanttonotethattheterm"aberration"isnormallyusedinrelationtoZernikeseriesforwave-frontcharacterizationisnotapplicabletoprojectedbeamsasputforwardinthisdocument.Also,aberrationsaregenerallycontrolled,whiledistortionsarepurposefullyamplifiedbytheinventioninthisdocumentandalmostallopticalsystemsaredesignedforimagingandthuscorrection.Therefore,theterm"distortion"isusedheretodefinealterations(alternatively:modifications,adaptations,amplifications,attenuations)tothebeamshape.ThereferencestotheZernikeseriesareintroducedbecausethesebestillustratesthetypeandshapeofdistortionsmentionedinthisdocument.Also,ampleexamplesandillustrationsreferringtoZernikeshapescanbefoundinpubliclyavailablesources.
Tiltdistortionisamaindistortiontoconsiderforsuchsystem.Asystemshouldforemostprovideacombinationofvariabletiltdistortionover,atleastone,axisincombinationwith,atleastone,othervariabledistortion,overthesame,atleastone,axis.
Asstatedbeforeamajorapplicationofthefeaturesofthepresentinventionresideintheautomotiveindustry,inparticularforheadlights,althoughotherapplicationsarenotexcluded.
Firstly,forAFLS,tiltdistortionaffectsthemostimportantchangebetweenhighandlowlight(up-and-down;abouttheY-axis).Otherdistortionsmustbechangedsimultaneouslytoaffectbeamcharacteristicsbecausebeamcharacteristicsforahighbeamaredifferentfromthecharacteristicsofalowbeam.Thechangescanbegraduallyandcontinuously,dependingonthespeedofchange.Intermediatepositionsbetweenhighbeamandlowbeamcanbeachievedaswell.Notethatthechangesbetweenhighandlowbeamcanbeaffectedveryfastwiththeopticsdescribedinthisdocument,atspeedsof,say,atleastI.0timespersecond,or,inlightandsmallembodiments,evenuptoI.00timespersecond.So,theangleoftheheadlightscanbecontinuouslyadjustedaccordingtothetiltofthecar(forexample,withorwithoutaheavyloadintheback)orthetiltoftheroad,forexamplewhenclearingahillorvalley,inwhichtheheadlightscanbedrivenbyasystemincludinganelectroniclevelandinformationfromthesuspension.Theopticscanbedrivenbyatleastoneactuatorwhichcanbelinkedtotheelectronicsofthecar,includingsensorsonsuspensionunits.
Secondly,tiltdistortionaffectsswivelwhenappliedinahorizontalplane(left-to-right;abouttheX-axis),forlightingoftheroadand,alternatively,corneringandroad-sideviewing.Otherdistortionswillbechangedsimultaneouslytoaffectbeamcharacteristicsbecausebeamcharacteristicsforroadviewingaredifferentfromthecharacteristicsforroad-sideviewing.Thechangescanbegraduallyandcontinuously,dependingonthespeedofchange.Intermediatepositionsinbetweenroadandroad-sideviewingcanbeachievedaswell.
Severalotherdistortionscanbeappliedtofurtherchangethebeam,particularlytheshapeofthebeamshape.
Firstly,variabledefocusdistortionwillaffectthespecificsofthe(hithertoround)beamconeandthuschangethediameterofthelightcircleatagivendistance.Defocusdistortion,changingvariablyincombinationwith,atleast,tiltdistortioncanbeappliedtoadaptthebeamtoadesiredshape.
Secondly,atleastone,variableastigmatismdistortioncanchangethebeamshapetoanovalshapeprovidingmeanstoalterthesymmetryofthebeam.Dependingonthedesiredbeamshapeoneortwovariableastigmatismscanbeintroduced,orastigmatismdistortiondirectioncanvarybetweenheadlights.So,variableastigmatismdistortionincombinationwith,atleast,onetiltdistortion,canbeappliedtoadaptthebeamtoadesiredshape.
Ifdesired,otherdistortions,forexamplevariablecomasandvariablesphericaldistortioncanbeaddedtovariablyaffectthelightdistributionwithinthebeamwithashapeaccordingtoforegoingmeasures.Comadistortionwillproduceanovalshapewithunequaldistributionoflightandsphericaldistortionwillproducearoundshapewithunevendistributionoflight.Inbothcasesthedistributionoflightcanbedesigned.Alteredlightdistributionwithinthebeamcanbeofbenefittoreducereflectionsfromfogandrainduetotherefractionofwaterdroplets.ItisexpectedthatcombinationsofallthevariabledistortionsmentionedaboveprovideampleoptionstodesigndesiredlightbeamsforAFLSapplications.
Distortionscanbedistributedoverthedirectionsofbeammovement.Forexample,astigmatismdistortioncanberestrictedtothehorizontalmovementonly,orappliedtobothhorizontalandverticalmovement.Thesameappliestodefocusdistortionandtootherdistortions.Forexample,simulationsshowthatastigmatismdistortionmightwellbecomethemaindesireddistortionofchoicetoincreaseinintensityduringcornering.Also,thepositioningoftheopticscanhaveanyangleversusthehorizontalaxis..
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